At the end of the 20th century, in Western Europe, new technologies for making piles formed in the ground began. One of the most frequently used are piles made with the use of lost steel pipes, driven into the ground by hammer blows falling inside the pipe. The bottom of the pipe is closed with a steel shoe that is welded to the base of the pipe.
By connecting the pile with a steel shoe, it seals it, which prevents the inflow of groundwater into the pipe during driving, besides, it does not create spoil and the soil is compacted at the same time. Thanks to the use of a steel shoe, the piles gain a relatively high load capacity and it prevents their settling.